WARNING: Running pip as the ‘root’ user

The way your container is built doesn’t add a user, so everything is done as root.

You could create a user and install to that users’s home directory by doing something like this;

FROM python:3.8.3-alpine

RUN pip install --upgrade pip

RUN adduser -D myuser
USER myuser
WORKDIR /home/myuser

COPY --chown=myuser:myuser requirements.txt requirements.txt
RUN pip install --user -r requirements.txt

ENV PATH="/home/myuser/.local/bin:${PATH}"

COPY --chown=myuser:myuser . .

CMD ["python", "manage.py", "runserver", "0.0.0.0:8000"]

You can ignore this warning since you create the image for an isolated purpose and it therefore is organizationally as isolated as a virtual environment. Not technically, but that does not matter here.

It usually should not pay off to invest the time and create a virtual environment in an image or add a user as in the other answer, only to avoid the warning since you should not have any issues with this.

Just check pip -V and pip3 -V to know whether you need to pay attention not to mistakenly use pip for Python 2 when you want pip for Python 3. But that should be it, and if you install only pip for python 3, you will not have that problem anyway.

I don’t like ignoring warnings, as one day you will oversee an important one.

Here is a good explanation on best docker practices with python. Search for Example with virtualenv and you’ll find this:

# temp stage
FROM python:3.9-slim as builder

WORKDIR /app

ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gcc

RUN python -m venv /opt/venv
ENV PATH="/opt/venv/bin:$PATH"

COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt


# final stage
FROM python:3.9-slim

COPY --from=builder /opt/venv /opt/venv

WORKDIR /app

ENV PATH="/opt/venv/bin:$PATH"

Works like charm. No warnings or alike. BTW they also recommend to create a non root user for security reasons.

EDIT: to get rid of all warnings you may also want to add the following entries to the builder part of your Dockerfile (applies for Debian 8.3.x):

ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ARG DEBCONF_NOWARNINGS="yes"

RUN python -m pip install --upgrade pip && \
    ...

This behavior was introduced in pip 21.1 as a “bug fix”.

As of pip 22.1, you can now opt out of the warning using a parameter:

pip install --root-user-action=ignore

You can ignore this in your container by using the environment:

ENV PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION=ignore

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